地下水污染风险评价研究进展

鉴于地下水污染风险评价是地下水环境风险评价的重要组成部分,也是地下水污染防控的重要环节,为全面了解地下水污染风险评价的研究现状,在综合国内外文献和资料的基础上,对地下水污染风险评价的相关研究成果进行总结与评述。首先,对地下水污染风险的概念进行回顾,并就其属性特征与评价历程进行概述。其次,重点介绍了地下水污染风险评价的主要研究内容与具体评价方法。最后,分析了当前地下水污染风险评价中存在的问题,指出未来需要在地下水污染风险评价的理论体系、地下水污染风险评价的不确定性、地下水污染风险区划以及风险决策管理等方面加强研究。     

Efficient iterative solutions to general coupled matrix equations

Linear matrix equations are encountered in many systems and control applications.In this paper,we consider the general coupled matrix equations（including the generalized coupled Sylvester matrix equations as a special case）l t=1EstYtFst = Gs,s = 1,2,···,l over the generalized reflexive matrix group（Y1,Y2,···,Yl）.We derive an efcient gradient-iterative（GI） algorithm for fnding the generalized reflexive solution group of the general coupled matrix equations.Convergence analysis indicates that the algorithm always converges to the generalized reflexive solution group for any initial generalized reflexive matrix group（Y1（1）,Y2（1）,···,Yl（1））.Finally,numerical results are presented to test and illustrate the performance of the algorithm in terms of convergence,accuracy as well as the efciency.     

噪声信道下输出耦合复杂动态网络的状态估计

文中研究了一类带有噪声的复杂动态网络的状态估计问题,不同于现有的根据节点的状态变量构造观测器的方法,文中利用节点的输出变量构造观测器,并基于积分控制的思想提出了一种估计网络状态的新方案。根据李雅普诺夫稳定性判据,所提出的构思的可行性得到了论证,并且以线性矩阵不等式的形式给出了状态估计的充分条件。分别以无标度网络和小世界网络为模型,以Lorenz混沌映射作为复杂网络的节点进行数值化仿真。研究表明,这种方法能够使系统状态的估计误差收敛于0,仿真的结果进一步证明了文中所提方案的有效性。     

Adaptive Decentralized NN Control of Nonlinear Interconnected Time‐Delay Systems with Input Saturation

In this paper, a novel decentralized adaptive neural control scheme is proposed for a class of interconnected large‐scale uncertain nonlinear time‐delay systems with input saturation. Radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) are used to tackle unknown nonlinear functions. Then, the decentralized adaptive NN tracking controller is constructed by combining Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions and the dynamic surface control (DSC) technique, along with the minimal‐learning‐parameters (MLP) algorithm. The stability analysis subject to the effect of input saturation constraints are conducted with the help of an auxiliary design system based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method. The proposed controller guarantees uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) of all of the signals in the closed‐loop large‐scale system, while the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood around the origin. An advantage of the proposed control scheme lies in the number of adaptive parameters of the whole system being reduced to one and in the solution of the three problems of “computational explosion,” “dimension curse,” and “controller singularity”. Finally, simulation results along with comparisons are presented to demonstrate the advantages, effectiveness, and performance of the proposed scheme.     

广义系统的有限时间滑模变结构控制

研究了一类广义系统的有限时间滑模变结构控制问题。通过非奇异线性变换把广义系统变换成受限等价形式,利用Lyapunov函数的方法,提出了一种新型的有限时间滑模变结构控制策略,给出了特殊的开关型滑模面,设计了相应的滑模变结构控制器,使得闭环系统渐进稳定,实现了滑模运动,保证了在滑模面上系统状态变量在有限时间内到达平衡点。给出了可行性算例,说明了设计的有效性。     

不确定Van der Pol混沌系统的模糊同步控制

本文研究了不确定Van der Pol混沌系统的同步问题,并进行了基于规则的模糊逻辑控制器(FLC)的控制。首先寻找主从Van der Pol混沌系统满足Lyapunov稳定性理论的条件,在此基础上建立模糊规则,设计模糊控制器,实现不确定混沌系统的同步。通过不确定VanderPol混沌系统的两组仿真结果,验证了模糊同步控制方法具有很好的鲁棒性。最后为了进一步验证该方法的有效性,本文在相同条件下,利用反馈控制的方法实现不确定主从VanderPol混沌系统的同步,然后再将此方法的仿真结果与本文的模糊同步控制方法的仿真结果在稳态误差及同步所需时间这两个方面进行对比分析。分析结果验证了本文同步方法的可行性及有效性。     

基于模糊Lyapunov函数方法的模糊广义系统H∞控制

研究一类T-S模糊广义系统的容许性条件和H∞控制问题. 首先将原系统表示成增广系统, 进而基于新的模糊Lyapunov函数和模糊控制器得到容许性条件. 所得开环容许条件不要求子系统是容许的; 闭环容许条件中不含有控制输入矩阵与控制增益矩阵的乘积项. 对于H∞控制问题, 利用隶属度函数的性质对H∞控制条件进行了放宽, 并得到了改进的严格线性矩阵不等式(LMI)形式的H∞控制条件. 数值算例表明所得结论较已有文献具有较小的保守性.     

Stability and control of nonlinear systems described by retarded functional equations: a review of recent results

This paper reports on recent results in a series of the work of the authors on the stability and nonlinear control for general dynamical systems described by retarded functional differential and difference equations. Both internal and external stability properties are studied. The corresponding Lyapunov and Razuminkhin characterizations for input-to-state and input-to-output stabilities are proposed. Necessary and sufficient Lyapunov-like conditions are derived for robust nonlinear stabilization. In particular, an explicit controller design procedure is developed for a new class of nonlinear time-delay systems. Lastly, sufficient assumptions, including a small-gain condition, are presented for guaranteeing the input-to-output stability of coupled systems comprised of retarded functional differential and difference equations.     

Lyapunov-based boundary feedback control in multi-reach canals

This paper presents a Lyapunov-based approach to design the boundary feedback control for an openchannel network composed of a cascade of multi-reach canals, each described by a pair of Saint-Venant equations. The weighted sum of entropies of the multi-reaches is adopted to construct the Lyapunov function. The time derivative of the Lyapunov function is expressed by the water depth variations at the gate boundaries, based on which a class of boundary feedback controllers is presented to guarantee the local asymptotic closed-loop stability. The advantage of this approach is that only the water level depths at the gate boundaries are measured as the feedback. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60504026, 60674041), and the National High-Tech Research & Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA04Z173)